Excel for Begginers

Thiago has a degree in Production Engineering, a graduate course in statistics and a degree in administration from the Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF). Black Belt in Lean Six Sigma, worked with methodologies for cost reduction and process optimization at Votorantim Metais, subsequently joining MRS Logística as a trainee, where he held positions of manager and specialist in continuous improvement. With Microsoft Office Specialist (MOS) certification and ISO 9001 Auditor Lead Advisor, attended several companies in consulting projects, in addition to training and lectures related to Lean Six Sigma, Career Entrepreneurship in nationally renowned congresses such as ENEGEP (National Meeting of Production Engineering) and international as International Six Sigma Brazil congress. In the academic environment, he works as a professor of undergraduate and graduate courses in the areas of management and entrepreneurship. Thiago had the opportunity to participate in projects of several segments. Founder of the Voitto Group, he was selected in the Promessas Endeavor Program, having the opportunity to receive valuable mentoring to accelerate his business. He is currently a business mentor and dedicates himself to the executive front of Voitto, carrying with his team the vision of being the best online school of management in Brazil.

Founder of Voitto Group, currently a business mentor and dedicated to the executive front of Voitto, carrying with his team the vision of being the best online business school in Brazil.

Learn how to create a histogram and everything about this quality tool.

What is a Histogram: Its types and how to create one

What is a histogram, do you know? Also known as the &quot;Frequency Dispersion Diagram&quot;, it is one of the<a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="http://www.voitto.com.br/blog/artigo/7-ferramentas-da-qualidade"> tools that make up the quality</a>!It is basically a graphical representation, in columns (rectangles), of a set of data previously tabulated and divided into even classes.You may ask me, &quot;What then is the basis and height of these rectangles? &quot;. Well, the basis of each column represents a class. Thus we can identify which class is the function of each rectangle.The height of these columns represents the amount or frequency with which the value of this class occurred in the data set.This tool provides a way to evaluate the distribution of the data and allows to verify the behavior of a process in relation to its specification.In the title of this article, I said I would show the types of histograms, and 6 are the main ones. So now that you&#39;ve learned what a histogram is, I&#39;ll talk about them, their shapes, and what do they mean. Prepared?<h2>What are these 6 types of histograms?</h2><h3>1 - Symmetric</h3> <Image quality="95" width="279" height="229" src="https://images.prismic.io/voitto-blog/NmUzNWQ5ZWQtYTJjMi00NzIwLTkyZmEtZDllYWY4YTc0NjUz_i1jtrof6owe_hqpxzv-nkfgzmgbgw6lldzlpezozvj8a0yxvqq1m4ekel3yyk5kpwjccwxkw8-lnx8qrxqyzeyqntkdsxilog9dkreop7gxm3kcqv8r_q6have7qtlmfalmdwu2n" alt="Symmetric Histogram" title="Symmetric Histogram" /> This first type is also called &quot;normal distribution&quot;. It has a higher frequency in the center and decreases according to the approximation of the edges, both the right and the left.The stable and standardized processes are represented by this histogram.<h3>2 - Asymmetrical</h3> <Image quality="95" width="252" height="219" src="https://images.prismic.io/voitto-blog/MDE4ZGNjOTgtMjFiOC00NTY5LWI1ZTAtNGVkNjQ4ZjI5ZDdm_wq9yca6obogbgoolgw9xxhdqqfdosutbbd_iyadkef_xze4g6jwbbgp_z-g47e4qtruxfgiabzlortpkbulrq8zmk3kp4zn_6pijn0mchdxwufdcymwhvp_bqv2i6jjjygiztgaq" alt="Asymmetrical Histogram" title="Asymmetrical Histogram" /> As can be seen from the image, it is asymmetrical when it has only one peak.But what does it represent? It usually shows a situation where it has only one specification limit and is controlled throughout the process.<h3>3 - Cliff</h3> <Image quality="95" width="320" height="224" src="https://images.prismic.io/voitto-blog/MGFkNDA5NTAtNTU2Zi00NjIzLWE3OTQtNzBlMmIwZGNhNmE1_rfgvwat5y61wedx8ceap20n95mp6gr6g4sr_aj569ahrhxh-9y3rhw8euy_e5nhzxbxkohot9qikbmvlcfcwfmjtypaaogzdfx-0ewy7xbd-kdofopul3ghg7b9cxoeufh3ky5rc" alt="Cliff Histogram" title="Cliff Histogram" /> As the name itself says, it is as if it were to fall. Itlooks like a gully.It occurs when the data is deleted, thereby causing a cut in the figure, giving a slight impression that the histogram is incomplete.<h3>4 - Two peaks</h3> <Image quality="95" width="343" height="223" src="https://images.prismic.io/voitto-blog/YTZkMjY4ZmMtNmYyMi00YWQ1LTg1ODQtNGE0YzA4OGUzZTMw_sw9rbzw7xhlqmfi4taj9lozmkay39j3oyarkjqnd1w2k-vlkhhndka91cspc6byeq0rx4h6sqb40uxtkhum7euo8lu32dwqaongfzrl1znr3yuhyastsjp2gt6bh4nssj6d7r6_m" alt="Two peaks Histogram" title="Two peaks Histogram" /> As the image shows, it is characterized by having two frequencies higher than the others.It always occurs when there is a mix of different data, e.g. when data is collected under very different conditions, either with the operator, equipment or raw material.<h3>5 - Flattened</h3> <Image quality="95" width="311" height="223" src="https://images.prismic.io/voitto-blog/NzhmMGI3ZDMtZjliMS00MjQ2LWE5OWEtYWVlZTQzMTM0MGJk_m-l0o_nkej_sduvt7zu0ep2m7du3zkvbf4tupxrnyiv2w4y1euopslknyvnt_l3p0p1_dimeopf1nyk-jz0lq8fivews1afsrhw81zpem7o2ah6gjdoztwkfbvuotn-nwrq0pjny" alt="Flattened Histogram" title="Flattened Histogram" /> You may have heard of this type of histogram under a different name. It is also known as &quot;plateau&quot;.In this type, the frequencies are very close to each other, at fairly equivalent levels. This occurs when there are mixtures of distributions with different averages.<h3>6 - Isolated island</h3> <Image quality="95" width="353" height="227" src="https://images.prismic.io/voitto-blog/MGE3N2Q3NTAtNmI3Ni00ZWQ0LWI2MmYtMzMzY2ExZDU2N2Mz_c7zdldsgb2rvxbb1suxzlzkfqmoh5rqaiqumduinwuwjwul0vehxxigw8vnokfw9vas6mwtokmrqtsqycdszbc5fwjbwasnln_y7t-sptkghauizw-lmefopvqbnf2ihbt9lexsm" alt="Isolated isaland Histogram" title="Isolated isaland Histogram" /> This is the last type of histogram. It makes it very clear that there are two processes, or two problems that are well isolated in relation to the cause.There is a space between the histograms, this shows that there was some abnormality due to a fault.Are you tired of missing out on incredible career opportunities because you don&#39;t know about the main Excel tools?So you are in the right place! In the<a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://thinkleansixsigma.thinkific.com/courses/excel-for-beginners"> Excel for Beginners</a> course, you will learn to work with data in an agile way.In addition, the course is available for FREE, just click on the banner button below and embark on this journey of knowledge!<a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://thinkleansixsigma.thinkific.com/courses/excel-for-beginners"> <Image quality="95" src="https://images.prismic.io/voitto-blog/45fd4463-eb50-470d-a2e2-1a98155e7fdc_Bot%C3%A3o++Banner+-+Cursos+TLSS+%282%29.png" width="980" height="180" alt="Excel for Beginners" title="Excel for Beginners"/></a><h2>Step by step how to create a histogram</h2>STEP 1: Sample determination.The sample must be as random as possible so that it can represent the totality.In order for you to have a reliable and representative sample, you need to have 50 to 100 experimentations. STEP 2: Calculating the AmplitudeThe first thing you have to do in this step is to identify the largest and smallest value of the sample.Thus, the amplitude (R) is the difference between these values.R = highest value - lowest value STEP 3: determine the number of classesYou need to choose the number of classes to be used in the histogram. The number of classes is proportional to the size of the demand.There’s no right number, but it can&#39;t be too small, not to de-characterize the histogram, and not too large, to spread the data too much. STEP 4: class interval calculationYes, more calculation for you to do. But it is very simple:H = R / K But what do these letters mean?H = range of classesR = amplitudeK = number of classes STEP 5: calculation of the extremes of the classesAnd there come more calculations... To perform this calculation it is necessary that you select the lowest value of the sample, so you can have a lower level of the first class.Now, to determine the upper limit (LS) of the first class, simply add the value of the range of classes (H) with the lower limit (LI):LS = LI + H The other limits are calculated according to the limits of the first class. STEP 6: assemble the histogramAt last, we come to the end, it’s time to assemble this tool. For this to occur, you need to count the number of elements in each class, and with that, have all the data needed to assemble the histogram.<h2>Good collection + good histogram + correct analysis = positive results for the company</h2>Throughout this article, you learned what a histogram is, how to put one together and you could still realize the importance of it to your company processes.It is important that you make a good data collection, transfer them to the histogram and make a correct analysis of them, otherwise it won’t work.Finally, it is necessary to have a lot of attention throughout this process, so that a significant result for the company is achieved. Leverage results with ebook the 7 Quality Tools! With this eBook, you&#39;ll learn how to use tools that will help you improve quality in any company: • Flowchart• Control Letters• Ishikawa diagram• Check Sheet• Histogram• Scatter Graph• Pareto&#39;s chart In it, you will also find definitions of the concept of Quality in the view of today&#39;s gurus. Plus a surprise that we prepared for you. A kit with DMAIC tools, to help you even more at the time of application. Do not miss this opportunity and download this material right now.<a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://conteudo.pocketbook4you.com/ebook-the-7-quality-tools"> <Image quality="95" src="https://images.prismic.io/voitto-blog/2431dcb8-75b7-4a54-8801-2952a34448b3_Bot%C3%A3o+Banner+Cursos+-+TLSS+%287%29.png" width="1025" height="205" alt="The 7 Quality tools" title="The 7 Quality tools"/></a>